WORKING PAPERS - BOBP/WP/78
|
WORKING PAPERS - BOBP/WP/78 The Fisheries and Fisherfolk of Nias Island, Indonesia |
|
Executing Agency: FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Bay of Bengal Programme Madras, India, 1991 |
| The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. |
All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Chief, Publishing and Multimedia Service, Information Division, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by email to [email protected]
© FAO 2004
|
This paper is a background document for the planning and programming of a Fishing Technology subproject for support by the Bay of Bengal Programme (BOBP). It has been prepared in two parts. Part I is a brief and factual presentation of data and information on the main features of the small-scale marine fisheries of Nias Island, Indonesia, which is the result of a preliminary field survey undertaken in June and October 1988 by G. Pajot, Senior Fishing Technologist, BOBP. It is based on observations and discussions during field visits to the main fishing villages and on information and data provided by the District Fisheries Service of Gunung Sitoli in Nias Island. In the absence of reliable statistics, some of the data given are estimates and should, therefore, be regarded as orders of magnitudes and trends. Part II presents data and information on the socio-economic situation of the fisherfolk communities of Nias Island. It is the result of a socio-economic appraisal undertaken by Philip Townsley, a BOBP socio-economist, during the period October 1989 to January 1990 in eleven villages in seven subdistricts of Nias Island. The preparation of this paper is an activity of the BOBP for the development of fisherfolk communities and has been undertaken jointly with the Provincial Fisheries Service of North Sumatera Province. |
PART I.
DESCRIPTION OF SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES OF NIAS ISLAND, INDONESIA.
(based on a report by G. Pajot, Senior Fishing Technologist,
BOBP, in 1988)
1. INTRODUCTION
2. MARINE ENVIRONMENT
3. RESOURCES3.1 The coastal zone
3.2 The deep water zone
3.3 The offshore zone4. FISHING CRAFT AND GEAR
4.1 Fishing craft
4.2 Fishing gear
4.3 Fishing areas5. MARINE PRODUCTION
6. INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICE FACILITIES
7. HANDLING AND PROCESSING
8. MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION
9. COASTAL AQUACULTURE
10. FISHERIES ADMINISTRATION AND INSTITUTIONS10.1 District Fisheries Service
10.2 Research Training and Extension institutions
10.3 Institutional credit organization11. POLICY AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN
TABLES
I. Composition of fishing fleet
II. Subdistrictwise distribution of fishing craft (1986)
III. Types of fishing gear used in Nias Island
IV. Subdistrictwise fishing management units
V. Subdistrictwise production, by category of fishing gear
VI. Subdistrictwise production, by species groupsMAPS AND CHARTS
1. Geographical location of Nias Island
2. The subdistricts of Nias Island
3. The continental shelf
4. Roads, rivers and infrastructure facilities
5. Organizational set up of the District Fisheries ServiceILLUSTRATIONS
Coastal erosion
Non-motorized dugout outrigger canoe (4-5m)
Non-motorized dugout canoe (5-7m) used for beach seining
Sail rig of traditional outrigger canoe
Outboard motorized dugout outrigger canoe (4-5m)
Outboard motorized dugout outrigger canoe (5-7m)
Inboard motorized dugout outrigger canoe (5-7m)
Outboard motorized dugout outrigger canoe (6-7m) used for beach-seining
Outboard motorized planked open boat (7-10m)
A small inboard motorized half-deck driftnetter (8m)
A larger inboard motorized half-deck driftnetter (10-l2m)
Padang-based inboard motorized trollers fishing off the west coast of
Nias Island
Sibolga inboard motorized trawler-cum-longliner fishing in the coastal
zone of Nias Island
Outrigger canoes on the beach
Newly introduced inboard motorized craft moored in river
Wooden jetty on stilts by the bank of the Gunung Sitoli river
A privately owned ice-making plant in Gunung Sitoli
Insulated ice box for preservation of fish
The public market in Gunung Sitoli
Removing fish from gillnets on the beach
Gunung Sitoli airport
Airplane linking Medan — Gunung Sitoli
Passenger ferry linking Gunung Sitoli with Sibolga
A Bamboo raft used as ferry
Suspension bridges
Collapsed bridges
Cleaning and icing of fish in Gunung Sitoli for transport inland
A fish trader and his bicycle
Nias island: marketing of fish
The District Fisheries Office in Gunung Sitoli
PART II. A
SOCIO-ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF SELECTED COASTAL FISHERFOLK
COMMUNITIES IN NIAS ISLAND, INDONESIA.
(based on a report by Philip Townsley, APO, Socio-economist,
BOBP, in 1989-90)
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BOBP ACTIVITIES IN NIAS
3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF NIAS FISHERFOLK COMMUNITIES
4. FINDINGS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC APPRAISAL4.1 Definition of fisherfolk communities
4.2 Typology of fisherfolk communities
4.3 Socio-economic conditions of Nias fisherfolk communities
4.4 Problems, resources and solutions as seen by fisherfolk
4.5 Economic activities other than fishing
4.6 Formal and non-formal institutions
4.7 Implications of the findings for future trials, demonstrations and introduction of improved outrigger canoesTABLES
I. Subdistrictwise population
II. Subdistrictwise distribution of fishing households
III. Employment in ancillary activities
IV. Classification of sample villages according to access to land and access to markets for fisheries produceMAP
6. Locations of the villages surveyed
ILLUSTRATIONS
Homes and boat shelters in the villages surveyed
Life in the villages assessed
I. Socio-economic data
II. Common marine species
III. Features of the socio-economic appraisal
IV. Village assessmentsLadara (Tuhemberua) Botolakha (Tuhemberua)
Afia (Gunung Sitali)
Sisarahili Gomo (Gunung Sitoli)
Fowa (Gido)
Bozihona (Idano Gawo)
Hilinamoniha (Teluk Dalam)
Teluk Dalam Pasar (Teluk Dalam)
Lagundhi (Teluk Dalam)
Hilinamazihona (Lolowah)